An
interpreter translates the speech or text of one language into another to facilitate
understanding. In fact any system of messages or
signs,
symbols, codes, dreams, religious,
philosophical and dramatic texts, musical scores, paintings and even natural phenomena,
can be interpreted by any one of us.
Codes
like morse or
semaphore
have a fixed set of meanings, shared between sender and receiver. But many image
systems are open to a range of interpretations; gestures,
icons
and graphics can imply different things in different contexts, times or cultures.
The
images which appear in our dreams and the narratives they appear to create, can
be interpreted in ways which reveal the inner workings of our mind, our fears
and desires. For many cultures they also explain beliefs, unravel the past and
fortell the future. The Surrealist and Dada movements were fascinated by these
ideas and by Sigmund Freud's work on dreams and the
unconscious.Susan Hiller, an American artist who has lived and worked in Britain for
several years, has made many pieces which explore the unconscious and
the meanings of dreams.
Hiller's piece 'Dream Screens' is a
site
specific work made for the Internet, containing numerous colour screens
with a soundtrack in 6 languages (plus additional texts.) A woman's voice
apparently recounting dream narratives mixes with other sounds (which
are explained) as we click at will through blank coloured screens. In
fact the stories we hear are not dreams but recollections of films with
'dream' in the title. Onto this background we can project whatever images
and interpretations spring to mind...
Colours
are sometimes said to
signify
certain things - red for danger, yellow for happiness -but these can be contradictory.
For instance green could evoke the newness of spring but might also suggest age
and decay and in Europe the colour of mourning is black while in Japan it is white.
Interpretation
can be just the expression of one point of view. A
subjective
opinion.
Analysis is one
way in which we try to make
objective
sense of things by breaking them down into their basic elements.
Komar
and Melamid are Russian artists working together in America. Their project 'Most
Wanted Paintings' took the principles of market research and applied them to art
appreciation. They used professional opinion polls to question the kind of art
people in different countries liked and didn't like. By interpreting the resulting
data, they produced a series of 'most wanted' and 'least wanted' paintings. On
one level this was an absurd and playful exercise, but the process also questions
notions of taste and judgement.
Other
artists or places you might look at, with work examining issues of subjectivity
and interpretation are: