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PLAY UP
"The job of the
artist is to force open the matrix of reality to admit unsuspected possibilities."
Guillermo Gómez-Peña
Sometimes play is
about following rules. Sometimes it's
about bending or breaking them. In art there are conventions
which often seem like rules, because they've been followed for so long.
Using perspective and framed, rectangular pictures are both conventions.
So is the opening night ritual of
a new exhibition. When an artist or group breaks with convention they
may be playing with different ideas, expressing a view not seen before,
or they may be deliberately trying to provoke, shock or create change.
The 'Avant Garde' is the term often
used to refer to art which breaks the mould.
One key way visual
art this century has differed from previous times is in the various forms
it now takes, beyond the traditional media of paint, print, bronze, marble
etc. Art can be a performance,
that is an event or act as spectacle
or entertainment. Within this form of play, various devices such as repetition,
exaggeration, stereotype, mimicry,
ritual and parody
might be used to explore and express meanings.
Above all, performance
is public, that is it plays to or assumes there will be an audience, even
if they are only passing by. The context of the performance, that is where,
when, how, to whom and by whom it is performed are, to a large extent,
the meaning of the piece. The artist supplies intentions, the place creates
a frame and the audience brings expectation and interpretation.
As you can imagine, meanings are not fixed but will shift as the place
and the audience changes. This is true of all site
specific art.
Coco Fusco is an artist
and writer who has made performances, on her own and in collaboration,
about representations of race and gender in relation to the 'primitive'
and the 'exotic'. These pieces playfully
exploit people's expectations revealing the assumptions, beliefs, and
power structures on which our knowledge of past and present is based,
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Coco
Fusco with Guillermo Gómez Peña - 'The Year of The White
Bear', 1992 (1)
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Maurizio
Cattelan- 'Stadium', 1991 (1)
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"In
Cyberspace, nobody knows that you're a dog."
T-Shirt slogan
There
is a strand within contemporary art, mirrored in popular culture, which
is confessional in nature. The
thrill or guilt produced by transgression
is simultaneously increased and absolved
when it is made public. And as viewers or readers we share in these feelings,
getting voyeuristic pleasure.
By
assuming another identity, we can explore the many identities which we
choose to project, or which are projected onto us, or which in many cases
are discouraged or denied. In the 'chatrooms'
of the Internet we are invisible and potentially free to role-play,
to be any age, ethnicity or gender we choose. However, cyberspace
is just an extension of the societies we live in, so don't be surprised
if people still try to label or define you.
A
number
of artists have made work which attempts to disrupt conventions or undermine
beliefs, as a critique of many aspects of society, including the art world.
Maurizio
Cattelan is an artist who seems uncomfortable with hierarchies.
Using a range of forms but very often site specific installation, his
irreverent creations poke fun
at authority and revel in the dramas of everyday life. Other artists whose
work you could explore in relation to playing up are:
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